Trigo Argentino

SUBREGION II SOUTH

BACKGROUND FOR THE CROP

The wheat planted area was 15 to 20% larger than last year. Water accumulation within the soil profile before planting was excellent. However, water excess made planting impossible in some plots. Sowing was in June and July with short and intermediate-cycle varieties. The delay in sowing date was 7 to 10 days.

Phosphate fertilizers were applied at planting. Nitrogen fertilization was used before planting or at planting/tillering. Early planted seeds set very well thanks to timely rains at the end of May and early June. In August, at tillering, water availability and mild temperatures favored a vigorous growth.

Biotic stresses represented by strong and early attacks of stripe rust roya (Pucciinia striiformis) had severe consequences on widely grown cultivars. Two and up to three fungicide applications were required to avoid relevant economic losses. Stem rust (Puccinia graminis) and leaf rust (Puccinia triticina) attacks were not significant.

Tillering, stem extension and heading were under no water stress. From mid-October to end of November, rainfall was notably below average. Grain filling occurred between October 20 and November 20, with temperatures below average and mild showers. The number of grains per square meter and the test weights were very good. Harvest was under good weather conditions, from December 5 to December 15.

Average yield ranged from 4,200 to 4,450 kg/h, with peaks of 7,500 and 8.000 kg/h in specific plots. Protein content was low due to protein dilution in the grain endosperm, a consequence of high yields.

MAP OF THE SUBREGION

RESULTS OF THE ANALYSES

WHEAT ANALYSIS		PARAMETERS	MINIMUM	MAXIMUM	AVERAGE	STANDARD DEVIATION	VARIATION COEFFICIENT
		Test Weight (kg/hl)	78,60	84,85	82,40	1,39	1,68
		Total Damaged Kernels (%)	0,04	0,40	0,19	0,11	59,01
		Foreign Material (%)	0,14	0,58	0,30	0,08	27,91
		Shrunken and Broken Kernels (%)	0,06	0,56	0,23	0,12	52,52
		Yellow Berry Kernels (%)	0,32	8,62	4,43	2,10	47,51
		Protein (13,5% Moisture) (%)	8,0	11,4	9,9	0,7	7,05
		Protein (dry basis) (%)	9,2	13,2	11,5	0,8	7,12
		Weight of 1000 Kernels (g,)	32,79	42,15	36,20	1,93	5,33
		Ash (% dry basis)(%)	1,583	1,999	1,721	0,072	4,21
	Total damaged kernels includes 0,08% green kernels, 0,03% frostand kernels, 0,10% sprouted kernels, 0,05% insect chewed kernels, 0,02% calcinated kernels. No damages due to carbon and burnt kernels.

GRADE DISTRIBUTION

	ANALISIS DE LA HARINA	ENSAYOS		MÍNIMO	MÁXIMO	PROMEDIO	DESVÍO ESTÁNDAR	COEFICIENTE VARIACIÓN
		MILLING	Wet Gluten (%)	16,8	27,6	22,9	2,6	11,37
			Dry Gluten (%)	6,2	10,2	8,5	1,0	11,42
			Falling Number (seg.)	370	421	398	15	3,80
			Flour Yield (%)	67,3	72,0	69,9	1,1	1,59
			Ash (dry basis) (%)	0,470	0,815	0,659	0,091	13,87
		FARINOGRAMA	Water Absorption (14 % H°) (%)	52,1	61,6	56,9	2,3	4,03
			Development Time (min,)	2.3	8,0	3,3	1,1	33,14
			Stability (min,)	2,9	23,6	7,4	4,1	54,90
			Degree of Softening (12 min.)	22	81	60	14	23,18
		ALVEOGRAMA
			P (mm)	76	128	95	14	14,54
			L (mm)	41	105	65	15	22,90
			W Joules x 10^-4	154	328	225	32	14,17
			P / L	0,74	3,12	1,47	0,52	35,35
These results were elaborated with 26 composite samples prepared proportionally from 364 primary samples (farmer deliveries).

SUBREGION DATA

In this sub region the wheat production was 3,085,819 tons., the 16.7% of the national total. Were sampled 84,000 tons., the 2.7% of the sub region production.

APPENDIX OF LOCALITY COMPOSITE SAMPLES
SAMPLE IDENTIFICATION		WHEAT ANALYSIS
SAMPLE NUMBER	LOCALITY, DISTRICT OR DEPARTMENT	TONNAJE	GRADE	TEST WEIGT (Kg/hl)	TOTAL DAMAGED KERNELS (%)	FOREIGN MATERIAL (%)	SHRUNKEN AND BROKEN KERNELS (%)	YELLOW BERRY KERNELS (%)	PROTEIN (Moisture 13,5 % H°) (%)	PROTEIN (dry basis) (%)	WEIGT OF 1000 KERNELS	ASH(dry basis) (%)
200	Chacabuco	3000	2	83,70	0,04	0,27	0,51	3,02	10,8	12,5	38,41	1,860
201	Rojas	4500	2	82,40	0,16	0,36	0,26	4,12	10,0	11,6	35,69	1,738
202	Rojas	4500	2	84,85	0,24	0,32	0,17	5,20	10,4	12,0	35,45	1,771
203	Carmen de Areco	2250	1	81,95	0,08	0,18	0,26	8,04	9,1	10,5	33,87	1,742
204	General Arenales	4000	2	81,50	0,36	0,34	0,36	6,92	10,2	11,8	36,99	1,682
205	Junín	4000	2	81,95	0,34	0,32	0,08	4,40	9,2	10,6	36,58	1,710
206	Junín	3500	2	84,40	0,21	0,24	0,19	6,94	9,8	11,3	35,77	1,674
207	Alberti	4500	2	84,40	0,40	0,24	0,20	3,20	10,4	12,0	36,90	1,723
208	Alberti	4500	2	81,70	0,26	0,28	0,16	0,76	10,6	12,3	36,98	1,717
209	Bragado	4000	2	82,40	0,10	0,36	0,12	4,34	10,2	11,8	35,67	1,706
210	Bragado	2000	2	83,95	0,12	0,38	0,14	2,08	10,4	12,0	36,65	1,753
211	Chivilcoy	4500	2,	81,50	0,06	0,24	0,56	0,94	10,2	11,8	34,57	1,792
212	Chivilcoy	4500	2	83,05	0,06	0,22	0,32	5,72	10,0	11,6	33,66	1,715
213	9 de Julio	4000	2	78,60	0,08	0,36	0,28	5,40	9,7	11,2	38,17	1,583
214	9 de Julio	4000	2	81,50	0,16	0,34	0,28	4,10	9,6	11,1	37,37	1,646
215	9 de Julio	4000	2	80,35	0,12	0,30	0,09	6,44	9,3	10,8	34,13	1,708
216	Mercedes	750	2	82,85	0,12	0,30	0,09	6,44	9,3	10,8	34,13	1,708
217	Suipacha	1500	2	82,85	0,28	0,26	0,14	5,12	9,3	10,8	33,80	1,667
218	Baradero	3000	2	82,60	0,14	0,58	0,18	4,56	9,5	11,0	33,92	1,689
219	Salto	4000	2	81,70	0,38	0,28	0,20	6,14	9,0	10,4	35,55	1,723
220	Arrecifes	3000	2	80,80	0,18	0,38	0,22	8,62	8,0	9,2	33,85	1,687
221	San Nicolás	1500	2	83,70	0,12	0,38	0,20	0,86	10,3	11,9	35,27	1,815
222	Capitán Sarmiento	1500	1	82,15	0,36	0,18	0,20	6,00	9,1	10,5	32,79	1,704
223	Las Flores	1500	1	83,05	0,10	0,14	0,06	4,04	9,5	11,0	34,50	1,713
224	General Belgrano	1500	1	83,70	0,12	0,18	0,22	0,32	11,4	13,2	42,15	1,999
225	25 de Mayo	4000	2	82,40	0,12	0,26	0,15	2,32	11,3	13,1	40,77	1,813

APPENDIX OF LOCALITY COMPOSITE SAMPLES
SAMPLE IDENTIFICATION		FLOUR ANALYSIS
SAMPLE NUMBER	LOCALITY,DISTRICT OR DEPARTMENT	WET GLUTEN(%)	DRY GLUTEN(%)	FALLING NUMBER (SEC.)	FLOUR YIELD(%)	FARINOGRAM				ALVEOGRAM				ASH (dry basis)(%)
SAMPLE NUMBER	LOCALITY,DISTRICT OR DEPARTMENT	WET GLUTEN(%)	DRY GLUTEN(%)	FALLING NUMBER (SEC.)	FLOUR YIELD(%)	% WA(14% H°)	T, D, (MIN.)	STABILITY (MIN.)	DEGREE SOFTENING (12 MIN.)	P	L	W	P/L	ASH (dry basis)(%)
200	Chacabuco	23,0	9,6	374	67,93	58,7	3,7	11,7	39	101	95	328	1,06	0,634
201	Rojas	22,0	8,2	392	68,21	59,6	2,9	4,3	47	128	41	222	3,12	0,583
202	Rojas	25,4	9,4	411	69,73	57,3	2,9	7,4	50	90	78	246	1,15	0,623
203	Carmen de Areco	18,7	6,9	413	72,03	55,2	2,3	2,9	81	98	43	173	2,28	0,648
204	General Arenales	24,5	9,1	414	69,36	56,5	3,2	10,9	42	89	73	233	1,22	0,815
205	Junín	21,8	8,1	402	71,12	54,8	3,3	6,5	65	84	62	202	1,35	0,548
206	Junín	22,1	8,2	379	68,9	55,8	3,4	6,0	75	82	62	196	1,32	0,767
207	Alberti	23,8	8,8	373	70,13	58,1	3,6	8,5	61	95	64	223	1,48	0,639
208	Alberti	24,9	9,2	388	67,31	58,8	2,8	8,0	61	88	62	193	1,42	0,721
209	Bragado	23,4	8,7	379	69,80	59,0	3,4	5,8	70	99	59	223	1,68	0,652
210	Bragado	25,1	9,3	406	71,75	60,0	3,4	9,2	47	115	63	263	1,83	0,810
211	Chivilcoy	23,4	8,7	390	69,31	60,7	3,2	8,4	56	115	50	224	2,3	0709
212	Chivilcoy	25,0	9,3	404	69,97	56,4	3,5	8,4	50	91	70	228	1,3	0,748
213	9 de Julio	20,7	7,7	370	70,84	56,2	3,2	5,8	61	98	62	238	1,58	0,641
214	9 de Julio	24,6	9,1	381	69,72	54,4	2,7	6,1	58	79	90	245	0,88	0,653
215	9 de Julio	19,6	7,3	415	70,74	56,0	2,8	5,0	76	82	79	231	1,04	0,566
216	Mercedes	19,8	7,3	406	69,92	55,6	2,8	5,3	64	90	64	217	1,41	0,785
217	Suipacha	24,2	9,0	400	70,00	58,6	3,1	23,6	22	120	55	262	2,18	0,688
218	Baradero	16,8	6,2	389	69,72	52,1	2,8	4,2	78	76	48	154	1,58	0,470
219	Salto	19,8	7,3	394	71,32	53,3	3,0	5,3	73	79	67	207	1,18	0,552
220	Arrecifes	23,9	8,8	421	69,44	57,1	2,3	4,8	73	99	61	223	1,62	0,661
221	San Nicolás	20,1	7,4	421	70,28	57,2	2,6	3,8	77	99	54	210	1,83	0,582
222	Capitán Sarmiento	21,4	7,9	408	69,69	53,8	3,1	4,9	64	89	63	224	1,41	0,540
223	Las Flores	26,4	9,8	415	70,69	58,3	5,2	10,2	52	78	105	254	0,74	0,571
224	General Belgrano	23,2	8,6	406	68,33	55,4	2,5	3,8	74	88	62	208	1,42	0,791
225	25 de Mayo	27,6	10,2	402	70,37	61,6	8,0	11,7	54	117	50	225	2,34	0,731